As neuroscience and neurotechnology accelerate, possibilities once confined to science fiction are moving closer to reality. Georgia Tech researchers are examining what these advances mean for autonomy, privacy, ethics, health, creativity, and human flourishing in a neuro-connected future.

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“They say Atlanta is the city in a forest,” Clayton Patterson, Georgia Tech’s operations manager for horticulture, said, “but there’s a lot of asphalt here, a lot of concrete, and it gets really hot around it. This place turns into an oven, real quick.”

School of City and Regional Planning Assistant Professor Rounaq Basu knows it, too. So he and his students (supported by the Center for Urban Resilience and Analytics) created the Cool Routes app to help people in Atlanta find the most shaded — and most importantly, the coolest — paths if they have to walk or bike outside.

Describing Atlanta’s latest heatwave, “This is great for research, but not so great for residents,” Basu said. “I like to walk and bike everywhere, and it’s too hot. I need to know where the shaded paths are!”

The Cool Routes app currently covers 10 cities in the U.S., including Atlanta. Users choose a city from a dropdown menu, provide a trip start and destination, tell the app whether they’re walking or biking, and select route preferences. The app then generates up to three routes to the user’s destination, allowing them to compare how much cooler one route is from another. Further refinement of routes is offered after that.

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A coalition of scientists from six universities and community partners has received a National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) grant to establish Georgia’s first Superfund Research Center. The center will study the health effects and potential remediation of harmful contaminants in Glynn County, a Georgia coastal community with a long history of industrial pollution.

Superfund sites are highly contaminated areas designated by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) for hazardous waste cleanup. Superfund Research Centers are coordinated research programs — not physical buildings — designed to address complex environmental health problems, reduce exposure to contaminants, and improve public health. Fewer than 24 exist nationwide.

A Community Asking Questions for Decades

For generations, residents of the city of Brunswick and Glynn County have lived near former industrial facilities that produced or used chemicals such as toxaphene, PCBs, and mercury. Many have long suspected that these contaminants were affecting their health, yet lacked scientific evidence to validate their concerns.

That began to change in 2023, when Emory University researchers launched the Glynn County human exposure study at the invitation of residents. The study found elevated levels of legacy pollutants in the blood of many participants, confirming what community members had feared.

“I want more neighbors to have the opportunity to be tested and to learn about the project,” said resident Semona Holmes. “Because now more folks are saying, ‘I want to be tested.’”

Others on the coast echoed the need for continued investigation. “Exposure isn’t always uniform,” said Brunswick resident Michael Staley. “Some residents may have higher levels depending on their proximity, diet, or occupation. I hope this gives our neighbors a clearer understanding of how our communities are affected, because often regular people feel uncertain and overlooked.”

Residents have repeatedly asked for more testing, more transparency, and more opportunities to understand what is in their soil, water, and bodies. “I would like to see an expansion of the exposure study because the soil needs to be tested,” said Larry Owens, who lives near the Hercules-Pinova site, a former chemical plant that closed in 2023.

Another resident, John Freeman, emphasized the need for broad participation. “They need to make sure everybody in our neighborhood knows they are going to be doing research so that everybody will have the chance to come out and get tested and see what’s in their bodies.”

Building on Community Momentum

The new Superfund Research Center will expand this work significantly. Led by Emory University in collaboration with the Georgia Institute of Technology, the University of Georgia, Morehouse School of Medicine, Spelman College, and Texas Tech University, the center will focus on five major research areas:

• Human health research — evaluating links between chemical exposures and metabolic diseases.
• Toxicity testing — assessing how contaminants harm health.
• Environmental sampling — identifying soil, water, and other exposure pathways.
• Extreme weather modeling — studying how storms and flooding move hazardous chemicals.
• Remediation research — evaluating low‑impact cleanup strategies suitable for sensitive coastal ecosystems.

“By combining cutting-edge exposure science and health research with direct community partnerships, the center will translate complex environmental data into practical information that supports healthier decisions for families, clinicians, and policymakers,” says Dana Barr, professor of environmental health at Emory University and director of the Superfund Research Center.

Barr credited community leadership for the center's existence. “This project is a direct consequence of community support in many forms. We would not be here without your efforts, and we know what that means: We must keep community voices at the forefront of our work, and we need to deliver.”

Community Voices at the Heart of the Work

Residents say the exposure study empowered them to speak up and demand answers.

“After I learned my numbers showed contamination, I started coming to the community meetings,” said Jocelyn Farmer, a fenceline resident. “I wanted to learn more about the study and about my neighborhood.”

Another resident, Eugene Smiley, said that “everyone who lives in this neighborhood should have their blood tested. Yes, I think they should come back and give people a chance to get tested so that we all are aware of what chemicals are in our bodies.”

For many in this coastal Georgia area, the new center represents long-awaited recognition.

“We’ve been living here a long time, and we’ve been exposed to it,” said Victoria Mackey. “If this study had not happened, we would not have known. Now we have chemical awareness. There are generations that have been exposed to these chemicals. The expanded exposure study is needed.”

Community partners also see the center as a turning point.

The research involves working with Healthy Coastal Neighborhoods, a community-driven coalition working at the intersection of environmental quality and public health in Glynn County, Georgia. The coalition brings together community groups, researchers, and residents to address the toxic legacy that has affected coastal Georgia communities for decades. The coalition issued a local news release announcing the new research center on June 10.

“We are honored and truly humbled to be partners in this project,” said Jill Gambill, executive director of the CEAR Hub and senior research associate for the Institute for People and Technology at Georgia Tech-Savannah. “The residents of Glynn County have been asking hard questions about their health and environment for a long time. This center is our opportunity to put Georgia Tech's resources and expertise to work directly for the community.”

Investing in Education, Engagement, and Local Capacity

Funded at approximately $15 million over five years, the center will also support:

• Community engagement programs.
• Youth educational outreach.
• Improvements to the Healthy Coastal Neighborhoods’ Seafood Smart website.
• A community advisory group.
• Training for local healthcare providers.

“The issue of industrial contamination is inherently complex, and this Superfund Research Center offers a rare opportunity to address it from multiple angles,” says Noah Scovronick, deputy director of the center. “Just as important, the center supports community-led efforts to raise awareness and reduce exposures.”

A Model for the Nation

Although the center’s work is focused on Glynn County, its findings will have national relevance. Communities across the country face similar challenges with legacy pollutants, and the center’s research aims to provide actionable insights for reducing exposure and improving public health.

“Even after production stops, these chemicals can continue entering people’s bodies through lingering exposure pathways,” says Melanie Pearson, associate professor in the Rollins School of Public Health at Emory University. “Understanding how that happens is essential to reducing risk. Partnering with affected residents strengthens the science and ensures it leads to meaningful, real-world benefits.”

Georgia's first Superfund Research Center will address the human and environmental effects of heavily polluted sites located in coastal areas, including this one, in Glynn County, Georgia. (Emory photo by Rob Spahr)

A coalition of scientists from six universities and community partners has been awarded a National Institutes of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) grant to establish Georgia’s first Superfund Research Center to study the effects and potential remediation of harmful contaminants in a coastal county with a long history of industrial pollution.

Superfund sites are highly polluted areas designated by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) as needing cleanup of hazardous waste that threatens human health or the environment. Superfund Research Centers are not physical buildings, but rather a coordinated set of research studies designed to solve complex environmental health problems, decrease exposure to contaminants, and improve human health. There are fewer than 24 Superfund Research Centers in the United States.

The new center will be Georgia’s first and will focus on industrial pollution—from contaminants such as polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and toxaphene—in Glynn County. Situated on the state’s southeastern coast, the county is home to 17 identified hazardous waste sites and four Superfund sites that are on or proposed for the EPA’s National Priorities List of most polluted sites.

The center’s multiple research initiatives—which will be led by Emory University in collaboration with faculty from the University of Georgia, Georgia Institute of Technology, Morehouse School of Medicine, Spelman College, and Texas Tech University—will include:

• A human health study to evaluate potential links between chemical exposures and health impacts, with an emphasis on metabolic disease
• A laboratory-based toxicity study to assess how, and to what extent, the toxicants are harmful to health
• Environmental sampling to explore potential human exposure pathways
• An investigation into how extreme weather events affect the location and mobility of hazardous chemicals
• Exploration of remediation options that are less disruptive to the sensitive coastal ecosystem

“By combining cutting-edge exposure science and health research with direct community partnerships, the center will translate complex environmental data into practical information that can support healthier decisions for families, clinicians, and policymakers. It can provide a model for addressing environmental contamination and protecting public health in vulnerable communities nationwide,” says Dana Barr, PhD, professor of environmental health at Emory University’s Rollins School of Public Health and director of the Superfund Research Center.

In addition to the primary research studies, the center—which will be funded by NIEHS at approximately $15 million over five years—will include other projects concentrating on a variety of community-focused and community-driven initiatives. These projects will include:

• Community engagement programs
• Educational outreach for local youth
• Enhancing the accessibility of Healthy Coastal Neighborhoods’ Seafood Smart website
• A community advisory group
• Education opportunities for area health care professionals on how to manage patients who may have high exposures

“The issue of industrial contamination is inherently complex, and this Superfund Center represents a unique opportunity to address it from multiple angles. Our research will span everything from the toxicity and health impacts of these chemicals to their presence in the environment and innovative approaches for remediation,” says Noah Scovronick, PhD, associate professor of environmental health at Rollins and deputy director of the Superfund Research Center. “Just as important, the Center is designed to support community-led efforts to raise awareness and reduce exposures. By bringing these elements together, we aim to generate actionable knowledge and help answer questions that residents have been asking for decades.”

While the Superfund Research Center will be focused on the industrial pollution issues in one coastal county, the scientists say the data produced by the studies will provide meaningful benefits that extend far beyond Georgia.

“Even when production stops, these chemicals can continue to get into people’s bodies through lingering exposure pathways,” says Melanie Pearson, PhD, associate professor at Rollins. “Understanding how that happens is essential to reducing risk. Communities across the country are dealing with similar environmental contamination. Working in partnership with affected communities not only strengthens the science, but helps ensure it leads to meaningful, real-world benefits.”

"We are excited to be partners in this project," said Jill Gambill, executive director of the CEAR Hub and senior research associate for the Institute for People and Technology at Georgia Tech in Savannah. "The residents of Glynn County have been asking hard questions about their health and environment for a long time. This center is our opportunity to put Georgia Tech's resources and expertise to work directly for the community.”

Article by Rob Spahr, Emory University

Eight faculty members have been honored by the College of Engineering (CoE) for their excellence in research, service, teaching, inventorship, and commercialization.

Candidates for the fifth annual CoE Faculty Excellence Awards were nominated by their peers or submitted self-nominations. Materials were reviewed by a committee of academic and research faculty members within the College.

Two of these faculty award winners, Hong Yeo and Omar Inan, are members of the Institute for People and Technology. Read the full CoE article >>

Georgia Tech hosted an event on April 21 examining the rapid expansion of data centers and the social and policy issues emerging alongside the growth of AI infrastructure. The program, The Future of Data Centers: Shaping the Social and Policy Landscape of Our AI Infrastructure, was held at the Alumni House and co-sponsored by the Institute for People and Technology and the Brook Byers Institute for Sustainable Systems (BBISS).

Georgia has become the world’s second-largest data center market, a shift that has brought economic opportunity as well as concerns about water use, energy demand, land development, and impacts on host communities. One recurring theme throughout the event was the tendency for environmental and resource issues to overshadow other important policy questions about community impact, transparency, and long-term governan

Introductory remarks were made by Beril Toktay, executive director of the Brook Byers Institute for Sustainable Systems, and Michael Best, executive director of the  Institute for People and Technology.

Verghese Jacob, senior vice president of technology at the DayOne corporation, delivered the keynote address. Jacob discussed how DayOne works with governments in Asia to plan data centers and said early policy development and consistent communication can help communities better understand the impact and manage growth for long-term, mutually beneficial partnerships between governments and communities.

The event also included a BBISS Connect Workshop, led by Kristin Janacek, a senior extension professional with BBISS. The workshop built on BBISS’s Sustainability for Data Centers Insights Series and asked participants to contribute to a collaborative “blue paper” intended to guide future research partnerships and responses to funding opportunities.

Two panel discussions explored the social and political dimensions of data center development. The first, moderated by Cindy Lin, an assistant professor in the School of Interactive Computing, focused on international perspectives. Panelists included Celine Benoit of the Atlanta Regional Commission, Matthew Wesley Williams of Groundswell, Kahlil Bostick of Ryan Companies, and Ding Wang of Google Research. They discussed global examples of community-centered planning and the need for transparency in negotiations.

A second panel, moderated by Allen Hyde, an associate professor in the School of History and Sociology, examined collaboration between communities and government agencies. Panelists were Georgia Public Service Commissioner Peter Hubbard; Donnie Beamer, senior technology advisor for the City of Atlanta; Atlanta Journal-Constitution reporter Zachary Hansen; and Michael Czajkowski, director of advocacy for Science for Georgia. The group highlighted the importance of proactive regulation and clear communication with residents as data center development accelerates.

Speakers throughout the day emphasized that Atlanta’s continued growth in the data center sector will require coordinated planning and meaningful engagement with affected communities. The event closed with a call for all stakeholders to be proactive about creating policies that balance the technological and economic promise of the data center building boom with environmental and community concerns.

Beril Toktay delivering the welcome and introductory remarks to the attendees.

Titan, Msholo, Kelly, and Tara are just like any other African elephants — intelligent creatures that require mental stimulation in their everyday lives.

They would normally get this in their natural habitats while foraging for food and staying alert to predators that might target calves.

However, the four elephants reside at Zoo Atlanta, so they don’t have to worry about these things.

That’s why zoo caretakers are always on the lookout for better ways to help their elephants exercise their brains.

The caretakers at Zoo Atlanta found one when they met Arianna Mastali, a Ph.D. student in Georgia Tech’s School of Interactive Computing. Mastali designed an audio enrichment wall to help stimulate Zoo Atlanta’s elephants.

Many zoos build concrete enrichment walls to foster elephant problem-solving and critical thinking. The walls usually have holes for the elephants to reach through with their trunks as they search for food, treats, or playful objects on the other side.

Mastali enhanced Zoo Atlanta’s enrichment wall by adding an interactive audio component. A nearby speaker system emits distinctive low-frequency tones when an elephant sticks its trunk into a hole.

“They’re intelligent creatures that require a lot of complexity in their habitat,” Mastali said. “We wanted to add to that complexity while giving them more control.”

Experimenting in the Wild

Mastali’s system uses cameras and computer vision to detect when an elephant’s trunk is inside a hole and then sends a signal to the speakers to play a sound.

Mastali is a member of the Georgia Tech Animal Lab, directed by School of IC professor Melody Jackson. The lab often uses sensing technology to enhance animal wellness.

Mastali said she tried incorporating sensing devices into her project several times. She constructed an insert made of PVC pipe and attached a sensor to its base that used infrared beams to detect the elephant’s trunk.

However, she said it was difficult to account for the elephants’ strength. Their trunks would break the insert after a day or two. 

She pivoted toward computer vision to remove the risk of damage and keep the enrichment wall as close to natural as possible. 

“A big lesson we learned was that using existing materials the elephants are already familiar with was the best way to do things, and it simplified our design process,” she said.

Shane Rosse, a student in Georgia Tech’s Online Master of Science in Computer Science (OMSCS) program, assisted Mastali with the computer vision component.

Enhancing Environmental Enrichment

Mastali observed the elephants’ behavior at the wall seven days before and seven days after the installation of the audio enrichment system.

The number of times the elephants approached the wall after installation increased by 176%, and time spent at the wall increased by 71%

“We weren’t sure at first if they would care that much, so it was great to see how much time they spent at the wall, especially our less dominant females,” said Kirby Miller, senior elephant caretaker at Zoo Atlanta. “They seem to like it the most.”

Miller said the elephants used to only approach the wall when they knew there was food behind it. That started to change after the audio enrichment system was installed.

“We would be off somewhere else, and we’d hear the speaker playing the sounds, and we knew there wasn’t any food back there,” Miller said. “Tara had her trunk in one of the holes, just listening to the sound. That let us know they do like it, and they’re very curious about it.”

Miller said because elephants have sharp memories and acute senses of hearing and smell, their habitats must be designed with that in mind.

Zoo Atlanta’s African Savanna elephant habitat was redesigned in 2019. In addition to the enrichment wall, it includes a bathing pond, two waterfalls, and swing boom devices that hold hay for elephants to eat as they would in the wild.

Miller said elephants sheltered at any zoo or conservation would benefit from enrichment devices enhanced by technology.

“I think anything they can participate in that gives them choice and control is great for all zoo elephants,” she said. “It depends on the elephants, but with our elephants, they can hear much higher frequencies than we can. That noise isn’t that loud for us, but for them, they’re feeling that noise, and they can hear much more, which makes it more stimulating for them.”